留学生Paper代写参考-全球化与国际化。本文是一篇留学生Paper范文，主要内容是讲述在世界大多数经济产业中，全球化和国际化已经变得非常普遍。全球化的字典含义取自牛津词典，是企业或其他组织发展国际影响力或开始在国际范围内运营的过程，国际化是设计产品和服务的一种方法，这些产品和服务很容易适应不同的文化和语言国家边界。当我们审视汽车行业、制药行业、电子行业或通信行业等时，我们会发现，在这些行业中运营的所有商业模式往往都是全球化的，或者至少是跨国的。这可能是这些跨国公司在整个世界经济中获得压倒性地位的原因。以下内容就是留学生Paper代写参考范文的全部内容，供参考。
Introduction 引言
In most economic industries of the world Globalization and Internationalization has become very common. The dictionary meaning of Globalization taken from (Oxford Dictionaries, 2014) is the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale and according to (Maringe & Foskett, 2012) internationalization is an approach to designing products and services that are easily adaptable to different cultures and languages across national borders. When we look at the automotive industry, pharmacy industry, electronic industry or communication industry etc. we come to know that all business models operating within them are often really globalized or at least multi-national. This can be the reason that why these multi-national companies gain commanding importance in the entire world economy.
Before we can know how well a business can operate in an economy, we need to know the place where it is operating and for this purpose this paper will consider Indonesia and Singapore from the ACEAN economic region.
在我们知道一家企业在一个经济体中的运营情况之前，我们需要知道它在哪里运营，为此，本文将考虑来自ACEAN经济区的印度尼西亚和新加坡。
Indonesia Economy 印度尼西亚经济
Indonesia is world’s 18th largest economy and has been remarkably growing after the Global Financial Crisis (GFC). The economy is well stable even after the GFC 2009 because of the prudent financial macroeconomic policy of the country. The country enjoys rising per capita GDP and low borrowing costs. However every country has some risks attached to business activity and they differ from one another country to country. (Forbes, 2013)
印尼是世界第18大经济体，在全球金融危机后一直在显著增长。由于该国审慎的金融宏观经济政策，即使在2009年全球金融危机之后，经济也很稳定。该国的人均国内生产总值不断上升，借贷成本较低。然而，每个国家的商业活动都有一些风险，而且各国的风险不同。
Singapore’s economy 新加坡经济
Generally speaking about Singapore’s economy has earned a well good reputation. The strong growth and flexibility of free economy has earned the small country name “Asian Tiger”. The economy of Singapore provides transparent administration and an efficient infrastructure for any reliable business and investment to grow.
总的来说，新加坡的经济赢得了良好的声誉。自由经济的强劲增长和灵活性为这个小国赢得了“亚洲之虎”的称号。新加坡经济为任何可靠的商业和投资增长提供了透明的管理和高效的基础设施。
Environmental Factors impacting Business 影响业务的环境因素
If there is something that is changing and steadfast it is change itself. Change is inevitable and those business who tend not to follow up the change are likely to fail or in terms of not having a long term survivability. There many events, scenarios or situations that occur and affect the way in which a business operates in a positive way or either negative way. Such things are called the driving forces or environmental factors.
如果有什么东西正在改变和坚定，那就是改变本身。变革是不可避免的，那些倾向于不跟进变革的企业很可能会失败，或者无法长期生存。有许多事件、场景或情况会以积极或消极的方式发生并影响企业的运营方式。这些东西被称为驱动力或环境因素。
Types of Environmental Factors 环境因素类型
Internal: Some change occur within the business and impact it directly such changes include machinery and equipment, technological capacity, management systems, culture of organization, financial or employee management or staff moral etc.
内部：一些变化发生在企业内部并直接影响企业，这些变化包括机械设备、技术能力、管理体系、组织文化、财务或员工管理或员工道德等。
External: Events or changes occurring outside the company and are usually not under the control of the company some of these include industry itself, the economy of the particular country in which it operates, demographics, competition, political interference.
外部：发生在公司外部且通常不受公司控制的事件或变化，其中包括行业本身、其经营所在特定国家的经济、人口统计、竞争、政治干预。
Whatever are the causes whether they are external or internal the thing is change will occur and a company must be flexible and have a willing attitude to respond to them in an appropriate way. There are number of environmental or driving forces such as:
无论是外部原因还是内部原因，事情都会发生变化，公司必须灵活应对，并有意愿以适当的方式应对。存在许多环境或驱动力，例如：
Social 社会
Political 政治
Financial 财政
Product Quality 产品质量
Distribution Channels 分销渠道
Leadership 领导力
Employees 员工
Economy of the country 国家经济
Structural Changes 结构变化
Policies and Procedures 政策和程序
For the sake of clarity we take Political factor of the above two companies and see how this factor is impacting on any business that operates in these economies
为了清楚起见，我们考虑了上述两家公司的政治因素，并了解这一因素对在这些经济体运营的任何业务的影响
Analysis of Political Factor on Business 商业的政治因素分析
For the purpose of starting a new business and entrepreneurs needs almost more than 4 months to complete the necessary paperwork as compared to Singapore which is less than 15 days. The Government of Indonesia and it policies for new foreign investments is not openly welcomed because of the ironclad rule of President Suharto which created dissent slowly and steadily within the system while Singapore welcomes any direct foreign investment that help the local cause making it more politically stable for business then Indonesia. (Doing Business, 2013)
为了创业，企业家需要将近4个多月的时间来完成必要的文书工作，而新加坡不到15天。印度尼西亚政府及其新的外国投资政策不受公开欢迎，因为苏哈托总统的铁腕统治在体制内缓慢而稳定地制造了异议，而新加坡欢迎任何有助于当地事业的直接外国投资，使其在政治上比印度尼西亚更稳定。
The factor of red tapes reported by the World Bank study shows that due to low salaries at political and law level it create more chances for the officials to take bribe at every legal business transaction which further hampers the business not to take part fully in the economy. (Engel, 2012)
世界银行研究报告的繁文缛节因素表明，由于政治和法律层面的低工资，这为官员在每一笔合法的商业交易中受贿创造了更多的机会，这进一步阻碍了企业不能充分参与经济。
The setup of Bank Restructuring Agency or IBRA by the Indonesian Government was a step ahead in the crisis to recapitalization or closure of insolvent banks and management of corporate indebtedness which makes a profitable availability of consumer credit. This led to increased business activity as more credit is available for doing business. But later the bank also could not maintain its growth since its inception due to fluctuations in the economy and policies that govern it. (New York Times, 2003)
印度尼西亚政府成立的银行重组机构（IBRA）在危机中迈出了一步，对资不抵债的银行进行资本重组或关闭，并管理公司债务，从而使消费信贷有利可图。这导致了商业活动的增加，因为有更多的信贷可用于做生意。但后来，由于经济和管理政策的波动，该行自成立以来也无法保持增长。
According to Political and Economic Risk Consultancy, PERC, Singapore enjoys the least risks involved in the political sector of the country which makes to do business of any kind more encourage able. The political stability of the Singapore makes it a vital place to do investment and business. (Singapore Economic Development Board, 2013)
根据政治和经济风险咨询公司PERC的数据，新加坡在该国政治部门的风险最小，这使得做任何类型的生意都更受鼓励。新加坡的政治稳定使其成为投资和经商的重要场所。
The Government and political status of both the concern countries are verily different meaning there is corruption and instability in Indonesia for doing business and Singapore is ranked 3rd in Asia in transparency. Political factor impact the operation of the business directly meaning if you are easily well aware of the legal and political laws for doing business in the country the business will grow otherwise investments tend to low and organization interest fade away to do business in that particular country.
这两个受关注国家的政府和政治地位截然不同，这意味着印尼在经商方面存在腐败和不稳定，新加坡在透明度方面在亚洲排名第三。政治因素直接影响企业的运营，这意味着如果你很容易了解在该国开展业务的法律和政治法律，企业就会增长，否则投资往往会降低，组织对在该特定国家开展业务的兴趣也会减弱。本站提供各国各专业留学生代写或写作指导服务，如有需要可咨询本平台。